he present work is born with the aim of providing guidance when dealing with a complex subject that is both recent and relevant for society in general. Excessive pricing has proved to be an issue of increasing relevance and con-cern, as demonstrated by the number of recent cases across the world, espe-cially in the pharmaceutical sector. The matter is still highly debated both in the literature and in courts. Besides, competition authorities have encountered considerable difficulties in enfor-cing the provision against excessive pricing.The main issues revolving around excessive pricing and, specifically, excessive pricing in the pharmaceutical sector, can be synthesized as follows:How to define excessive pricingWhat are the possible models for a provision against excessive pricingHow to assess price levelsWhether to enforce the provision against excessive pricingWhen to do soHow the various jurisdictions have approached excessive pricing in practiceHow this framework applies to the pharmaceutical sector, considering its peculiarities, also in the light of recent decisionsWhich remedies are available to address excessive pricing.